THE CASE STUDY

Underwriting intake triage: from idea to running MVP

A transformation team at a life-and-health reinsurer wants AI to help sort incoming applications. This is the full story of delivering it: choosing the use case, writing testable requirements, controlling the risks, building a working system, and planning rollout and value.

Project
Built solo, on my own initiative
Data
Fictional throughout
Reading time
15 min read
On this page 9 sections
  1. 01Opportunity brief
  2. 02Discovery
  3. 03Shaping delivery
  4. 04Responsible delivery
  5. 05Build log
  6. 06Running MVP
  7. 07Rollout and adoption
  8. 08Value realization
  9. 09What scales

THE DELIVERY PATH

Nine decisions, one path.

The case follows the work from business objective to reusable delivery system. Each section owns a different release decision.

A hand-drawn nine-part case-study map: opportunity, discovery, shaping, responsible delivery, build log, running MVP, rollout, value, and what scales.A hand-drawn nine-part case-study map: opportunity, discovery, shaping, responsible delivery, build log, running MVP, rollout, value, and what scales.
Business value begins the path; standards and lessons are the final deliverable.

First slice: intake specialists and underwriters; eight fixed cases; two routes; rationale and audit metadata. Ambiguity goes to a human. Open the current demo →. Reviewed-reference and failure-path evidence is verified locally, and a separate capped-key capture records eight audited live Claude Opus 5 runs.

The delivery map

§SectionDelivery responsibility mirrored
1The opportunity briefBusiness objectives and measurable value
2Discovery and prioritizationOpportunity comparison and portfolio choice
3Shaping the deliveryScope, stories, acceptance, increments, backlog
4Responsible deliveryTesting, controls, data, security, lifecycle
5The build logTechnical partnership, dependencies, trade-offs
6The running MVPObservable behavior and evidence
7Rollout and adoptionUser testing, training, feedback, support
8Value realizationProcess outcomes and post-launch optimization
9What scalesReusable standards, templates, and lessons

1. The opportunity brief

Takeaway: automate the routing work, preserve the judgment, and measure speed and leakage together.

Intake staff check structured applications and choose a straight-through or underwriter route. Queueing a clean case creates delay; routing a material disclosure past a human creates risk.

When a complete application enters intake, recommend one of two routes and explain it in under 30 seconds, so low-complexity cases move faster and underwriters focus on cases that need judgment.

STRAIGHT_THROUGH means “continue through automated intake,” not “coverage approved.” REFER_TO_UNDERWRITER preserves human review.

Value hypothesis and success measures

Controlled routing can move capacity to complex work without missing referrals. Gross hours are eligible volume × minutes removed ÷ 60; the owner must record their use.

Targets are pilot hypotheses. Shadow mode establishes the real baseline.

OutcomeBaselineFour-week targetGuardrail
Straight-through rateExisting route on complete in-scope casesAt least 10 percentage points higherZero mandatory referrals routed straight through
Intake-to-route timeMedian and 90th percentile in shadow weekMedian at least 30% lower; tail no worseIncomplete cases remain visible
CapacityTask-level time sampleAt least 40 gross hours per 1,000 casesRecord where released time goes; no double counting
QualityDual review of stratified sampleAt least 95% rationale fidelityOne missed mandatory referral pauses assisted use
UsabilityTimed UATAt least 90% audited in under 30 secondsDirect human route always available

In: complete structured applications, two routes, rationale, requirements, and audit metadata. Out: pricing, diagnosis, final eligibility, arbitrary documents, and free text.

Gate: process and policy owners approve route definitions, baseline method, mandatory referrals, and benefits ownership.

Use the readiness checklist →


2. Discovery and prioritization

Takeaway: the best first use case has visible value, accessible evidence, a narrow boundary, and a credible adoption path.

Use-case canvas

LensCurrent hypothesisEvidence before pilot
DesirabilityRepetitive routing delays simple casesObservation, queue data, user interviews
ViabilityTime, route, rework, and queue age are measurableBaseline query and outcome-owner sign-off
FeasibilityStructured inputs and reviewed labels can support a narrow sliceSource sample, quality profile, integration spike
Controllable riskTwo routes, conservative referral, human gate, rollbackPolicy and control-owner review
AdoptionA recommendation can fit inside the intake queueWorkflow prototype with both pilot teams

Stakeholder decisions

StakeholderDecision ownedEvidence or sign-offGate
SponsorPortfolio slot, outcome, scaleOpportunity and scale decisionChoose, scale
Operations ownerWorkflow, baseline, capacity actionProcess map, baseline, benefits sheetChoose, release, realize
Underwriting policy delegateRoute rules, labels, quality toleranceSigned policy, reviewed labels, release reportProve, release
Pilot users and championsFit, clarity, training readinessUAT record, training check, feedbackShadow, assisted use
Product and delivery leadScope, backlog, dependenciesPlan, acceptance evidence, decision logEvery gate
Data, engineering, architectureSource, quality, integration, serviceMapping, profile, tests, design sign-offShadow, production
Privacy, security, model riskPermitted use, threat controls, lifecycleControl evidence and sign-offsShadow, production
Service owner and supportMonitoring, runbook, rollbackAlert and recovery rehearsalAssisted use, production

Portfolio choice

Scores are a discovery exercise from 1 to 5, higher being better. They expose assumptions; they are not insurer facts.

CandidateUser painMeasurable valueFeasible sliceControllable riskAdoptionTotal / 25
Structured intake routing5544422
Draft a referral summary4343418
Free-form assistant4322314

Routing wins because its action is narrow, result observable, and safe failure clear. Stop for unavailable fields, invalid labels, duplicate work, no label owner, low volume, or a simpler deterministic rule.

Gate: the process, policy, data, and pilot-user owners validate the canvas before this use case takes the portfolio slot.

Open the canvas and scorecard →


3. Shaping the delivery

Takeaway: every story states observable behavior, a threshold, and what happens when the threshold fails.

The scope line

NowEnterprise pilotNever in this use case
Eight fixed synthetic recordsRead-only feed from one approved queueCoverage approval or pricing
Two route labelsAuthorized override and retained evidenceMedical diagnosis
Known case IDs onlySSO, DLP, model gateway, monitoringArbitrary text or documents
Validated JSON and recorded fallbackMore segments after evidenceReplacement of underwriter judgment

Twelve user stories with acceptance criteria

IDUser storyTestable acceptance criteria
US-01As an intake specialist, I inspect every routing fact.Every schema field renders; empty arrays say “None disclosed”; changing case clears results; cards work by keyboard.
US-02As a security owner, I restrict requests to known cases.API accepts one valid caseId; unknown, extra, malformed, or wrong-method requests fail before a model call; server loads data.
US-03As a product owner, I receive one result contract.Only the five defined fields pass enum and type validation; invalid output uses safe fallback.
US-04As policy owner, I protect mandatory referrals.Zero approved referral cases route straight through; at least 95% of eligible golden cases do; condition, medication, hazardous pursuit, pending test, missing field, or confidence below 0.80 refers; a miss blocks release.
US-05As an underwriter, I audit rationale quickly.Every bullet maps to a visible fact or versioned rule; no absent fact appears; 90% of UAT checks take under 30 seconds and rate at least 4/5.
US-06As an underwriter, I see minimum next evidence.Straight-through has no requirements; 95% of referral requests are domain-rated relevant; invented or irrelevant requests block that case type.
US-07As a pilot user, I keep final accountability.UI says “recommendation”; authorized override requires a reason and retains user, time, original and final route; public demo is non-editable.
US-08As a model-risk reviewer, I compare versions.Cases carry expected route and reasons; report records data, policy, prompt, model, and code; smoke set runs on every change; pilot set is larger and approved.
US-09As a user, I get a usable failure state.Missing key, error, timeout, invalid response, or limit returns labeled fallback within two seconds after detection; tests force each path.
US-10As a control reviewer, I reconstruct a result.Audit shows unique decision and case IDs, UTC time, versions, and mode; 1,000 test IDs are unique; secrets stay server-side.
US-11As a privacy owner, I minimize data.Records are synthetic; logs exclude applicant and rationale; secrets stay server-side; review covers egress, injection, access, dependencies, and retention.
US-12As service owner, I stop degradation.Monitor schema, fallback, latency, routes, overrides, quality; alert below 99.5% validity, above 2% hourly fallback, or on a missed referral; test human-only switch.

Backlog and increments

OrderIncrementStoriesExit evidence
0Evidence contractUS-04, US-08Policy boundary, labels, thresholds, release report
1Walking skeletonUS-01–03Select case, safe server request, valid route
2Governed demoUS-05–06, US-09–11Traceable result, evidence, audit, privacy, fallback
3Pilot-ready workflowUS-07, US-12Override, monitoring, support, human-only switch
4ScaleExpanded US-08 and enterprise controlsApproved data, integration, lifecycle evidence

Expected behavior precedes interface polish; each increment retires its riskiest assumption.

Milestone plan

TimingMilestoneOwnerDependenciesExit evidence
Day 0OpportunityDelivery lead + operations ownerSponsor, problem evidence, data sampleCanvas, alternative, measures, owners
Days 1–2Governed demoProduct + engineeringLocked scope, policy, eight records, site shellBuild, contract test, fallback and smoke evidence
Two weeks before pilotShadow-readyOperations + data + control ownersSource mapping, approved labels, access designThreat review, workflow UAT, support path
End of pilot week 1Assisted-use gatePolicy + operations ownersClean shadow report, trained usersThresholds met; stop switch tested
End of pilot week 4Production gateSponsor + service + policy ownersPilot quality, value, adoption, supportApprovals, monitoring, runbook, rollback, baseline
Four weeks after productionScale gateSponsor + benefits ownerStable service and realized-outcome evidenceExpand, optimize, hold, narrow, or retire

Done means the named test passes, evidence is attached, failure and accessibility are checked, and ownership is clear.

Open the story, backlog, and definition-of-done templates →


4. Responsible delivery

Takeaway: each risk needs a control, evidence, owner, threshold, and stop action.

Model-risk and data checklist

AreaControl and evidenceOwner and stop action
BoundaryTwo route labels; UI and UAT confirm no coverage decisionPolicy owner returns work to human-only routing
Data and privacyApproved fields, purpose, quality, lineage, minimization, redacted logsData and privacy owners block the source
Referral leakageConservative rules, confidence gate, domain-labeled evaluationPolicy owner pauses on one confirmed miss
RationaleGrounded prompt, fact-level review, user issue flagModel owner blocks a version with invented facts
SecurityKnown IDs, server data, secret isolation, threat and dependency testsSecurity revokes access and disables endpoint
LifecycleCode, policy, data, prompt, and model versioned as one releaseModel owner rolls back to the last approved bundle
OperationsTimeout, fallback, monitoring, support runbook, human-only switchService owner contains, preserves evidence, recovers

The public smoke set has four straight-through, three clear referrals, and one borderline referral. Pilot data adds segments, boundaries, missing fields, interactions, and source failures. Domain reviewers label before seeing output.

The locked eight-card set stays 4/3/1. WP-6 owns separate contract fixtures for smoker=true, BMI 18.4/18.5/30.0/30.1, and sum assured CHF 1,000,000/1,000,001. They test v1 boundaries without changing the golden mix.

Release needs 100% mandatory-referral sensitivity, 95% eligible-case agreement, 100% schema validity, 95% rationale fidelity with no invented medical facts, and passed fallback, rollback, and human-only tests. Eight cases prove only the harness.

Test layers

LayerEvidence
Unit and contractID validation, mapping, schema, rate limits, approved payload only
BehavioralRoute, reason themes, unsupported facts, relevant requirements by case
AdversarialUnknown IDs, instruction-like data, missing and conflicting facts
FailureMissing key, timeout, invalid JSON, provider error, each rate limit
UAT and operationsAudit speed, clarity, accessibility, support, alert, rollback
Security and privacyData flow, logs, secrets, dependencies, access, retention

Any code, policy, data, prompt, or model change reruns the gate. Monitor completeness, routes, overrides, misses, rationale, schema, latency, and fallback by version. Rollback restores human work and the last approved bundle, then needs clean evaluation and dual sign-off. Production also needs approved data use, audit evidence, training, support, baseline, and owners.

Open the risk, data, golden-set, and production-gate templates →


5. The build log

Takeaway: AI agents compress build time only when a human sets boundaries, verifies evidence, and owns release.

DateStatusWorkEvidence
16 Aug 2026DoneSet use case, truth constraints, scope, measuresRoute intake only; no coverage decision
16 Aug 2026DoneCreated eight synthetic records and expected labelsFour straight-through, three clear referrals, one borderline referral
16 Aug 2026DoneShaped stories, controls, rollout, and benefitsEvidence contract before interface polish
16 Aug 2026DoneSplit content, interface, and integration into bounded pathsShared plan; explicit integration owner
16 Aug 2026Done locallyConnect UI, server route, canonical prompt, deterministic validation, streaming, limits, and fallback24/24 tests; lint, production build, and dependency audit green
16 Aug 2026Done locallyRun all eight reviewed-reference cases and exercise contract, provider-state, stream, emergency, and limit failures8/8 missing-key HTTP SSE runs; invalid payload/MIME/method checks; 11th-request limit fallback; provider failure tests
16 Aug 2026Done on fixed synthetic setCapture all eight cases through the configured live Claude Opus 5 contract8/8 exact live-provenance records; four straight-through and four referrals; model-sourced decisions and confidence

Evidence boundary: the reviewed-reference and failure-path results are local. A separate capped-key artifact records eight live-model runs from the public deployment, but neither artifact establishes production accuracy, performance on unseen cases, or generalization. This is a production-hosted demonstration, not a production underwriting service.

I direct bounded agents with acceptance criteria, inspect outputs, run checks, and integrate. Agents accelerate implementation; I own use case, policy, risk, evidence, trade-offs, and release.

ChoiceBenefitCost
Fixed cases, no free textInspectable evaluation; small privacy and injection surfaceNo document extraction
Two route labelsClear human boundaryNo pricing or terms
Claude Opus 5Strong structured reasoning with an explicit, versioned contractHigher cost and latency; production comparison still required
Live-capable route plus immutable reviewed fallbackMissing-key, invalid-output, stream, emergency, and limit behavior is locally verified; a separate eight-case live capture is auditedDurable distributed limits and production evaluation remain future gates
Small synthetic setFast smoke testNo performance claim

Enterprise delivery adds SSO and roles, approved integration and lineage, DLP, model gateway, deterministic rules, retained audit, monitoring, continuity, control approvals, and stratified evaluation. These are future gates, not demo claims.


6. The running MVP

Takeaway: the MVP is credible only when behavior, boundary, failure mode, and audit evidence are inspectable.

Open the demo →

All applicants are synthetic. This is an educational delivery demonstration, not underwriting advice and not affiliated with any insurer.

Implementation: choose a fixed applicant; validate its ID; load data server-side; strip labels; optionally call the configured model; validate response shape and deterministic policy; replace unchecked narrative with reviewed evidence; revalidate the final result; return the live route or an immutable reference fallback.

Screenshot evidence: the capture below is a verified local reference-mode run. It shows Executed model: Not executed and must not be presented as live-model evidence.

Reference-mode demo result for synthetic case app-001, showing a straight-through recommendation, an explicit recorded-fallback notice, and session-only audit metadata.

Verified reviewed fallback and audited live capture

CaseBoundaryExpected routeReviewed fallbackLive Opus 5 routeLive confidence
app-001 · ElenaClear eligibleStraight-throughStraight-throughStraight-through0.95
app-002 · MarcClear eligibleStraight-throughStraight-throughStraight-through0.94
app-003 · AishaClear eligibleStraight-throughStraight-throughStraight-through0.94
app-004 · LukasClear eligibleStraight-throughStraight-throughStraight-through0.93
app-005 · NoraDiabetes, medication, high sumReferReferRefer0.95
app-006 · JonasPrivate aviationReferReferRefer0.90
app-007 · SofiaPending cardiac investigationReferReferRefer0.94
app-008 · MayaBorderline controlled asthmaReferReferRefer0.90

Observed reviewed-reference contract: eight matches, four eligible straight-through routes, zero clear-referral leaks, the borderline referral preserved, and eight valid outputs. This confirms policy and fallback consistency, not model accuracy.

The separate capped-key capture records eight of eight results with exact live provenance: configured model, executed model, and result source are all claude-opus-5; mode is live; provenance is live_model; and both live flags are true. The split is four straight-through and four referrals, matching the locked expectations. Decision and confidence are model-sourced; rationale, risk factors, and requirements are canonicalized server-side from reviewed policy evidence.

The audit box shows decision and case IDs, UTC time, configured and executed model, result source, app/prompt/policy versions, and mode. It is session-only, not an underwriting record.

Evidence boundary: this is a smoke test over eight fixed synthetic cases. It does not establish production accuracy, performance on unseen applicants, subgroup behavior, calibration, or generalization. The locked labels were not changed to create a match.


7. Rollout and adoption

Takeaway: rollout is a sequence of reversible behavior changes, not an announcement.

Two teams, four weeks

StageMode and behaviorExit gate
Week 0Name owner, two champions per team, users, support; baseline and trainPolicy, data, support, and human-only switch ready
Week 1Shadow recommendations hidden; humans route normallyCompare quality, source data, segments, and latency
Week 2Trained users see, accept, or override; humans remain accountableDaily safety review; zero missed mandatory referrals
Week 3All trained pilot users; champions coach in workflowStable quality, rising use, no unresolved severe issue
Week 4Bounded normal cadenceScale, optimize, hold, narrow, or retire with evidence

Training covers boundaries, three cases, rationale checks, override, reporting, and human-only work. An observed check grants access. Communications explain change, accountability, and stop paths.

Feedback runs daily for safety, twice weekly with champions, weekly across owners, and fortnightly with sponsor and benefits owner. Overrides are learning signals.

Route policy and labels become owned artifacts. Business and control partners share evidence; each change names a metric, failure response, and owner.

L1 handles access and workflow; L2 handles service defects; L3 handles data, model, policy, and security. Exit needs quality, adoption, support, outcomes, rollback, and no critical control gap.

Open the rollout and adoption template →


8. Value realization

Takeaway: model metrics matter only when they protect a process outcome an accountable owner can measure and use.

KPI tree: baseline to target

Branch and KPIBaselinePilot targetOwner
Faster service · median intake-to-routeShadow timestampsAt least 30% lowerOperations
Released capacity · minutes per 1,000 casesTask time sampleAt least 40 gross hoursBenefits owner
Decision quality · missed mandatory referralsDual-reviewed sampleZeroPolicy owner
Decision quality · rationale fidelityReviewed bulletsAt least 95%; zero invented medical factsModel owner
Adoption · weekly active trained usersEligible pilot rosterAt least 80% by week fourAdoption lead
Usability · rationale audit timeTimed UATAt least 90% under 30 secondsProduct owner
Service health · schema and fallbackLive eventsAt least 99.5% valid; under 2% hourly fallbackService owner

The benefits sheet records definition, cohort, source, baseline, target, value, owner, confidence, capacity action, dependencies, evidence, and decision date. It does not monetize time without an action or double count it.

Post-launch: observe; diagnose policy, data, model, UI, training, or measurement; choose a fix, narrower scope, hold, or retirement; rerun gates; release reversibly; confirm process results.

Open the KPI tree and benefits-tracking template →


9. What scales

Takeaway: the next five use cases inherit a delivery system, not a copied demo.

They inherit eight editable templates: a use-case canvas that includes the opportunity brief, a prioritization scorecard, a testable AI user story, a model-risk and data checklist, a golden-set testing plan, a rollout and adoption plan, a benefits KPI tree, and delivery cadence with definition of done.

GateQuestionMinimum evidence
ChooseIs this the right use case now?Canvas, alternatives, score, outcome owner
ShapeCan the first slice be tested safely?Scope, stories, data sample, controls
ProveDoes behavior meet its boundary?Working increment, evaluation, UAT, failure tests
ReleaseCan users adopt, support, monitor, and stop it?Training, runbook, rollback, baseline
RealizeDid the process improve safely?KPI, quality, adoption, cost, capacity action

Choose the route before the model and expected cases before the prompt. Keep deterministic policy out of model judgment. Test fallback and rollback. Put human accountability in UI, tests, training, and metrics. Agents accelerate code; people own scope, policy, evidence, and release.

Get the templates in The AI Delivery Playbook →, start with the readiness checklist →, or run the eight-case demo →.